Is The Us Healthcare System Truly Reflective Of A Free...

In the cold winter season, more people are going to come down with the flu or pneumonia causing an increase in demand for certain antibiotics and medical care (supply) necessary to treat these ailments. If physicians and/or hospitals do not increase their supply, this will cause a shortage in medical care available meaning the price for care will increase. This is, at its very basic, an example of supply and demand. Introduction Is the US Healthcare system truly reflective of a free market economy driven by supply and demand? Initially, one would be inclined to think yes. In an ideal world, a free market is one which is driven by individual innovation and the concept that hard-work and ingenuity will be bestowed with success. Indeed, the biggest advantage of a free market is that it places the power of choice into the hands of the people. There is freedom to choose how you want to spend your money, what you want to spend it on, and whom you want to spend it on. Do you want to see a physician regarding a yearly physical? Open the yellow pages. You will more than likely find over 100 general practitioners in your immediate area to choose from. Do you want to spend your money on preventative care, early screenings, vaccinations, etc? Or do you want to spend your money on medications after you are diagnosed with an ailment? The main idea behind a free market is that prices will regulate themselves. In regards to the US Healthcare system, it is questions likeShow MoreRelatedMarketing Management 14th Edition Test Bank Kotler Test Bank173911 Words   |  696 Pagesproducts are standardized. B) It can help create jobs in the economy by increasing demand for goods and services. C) It helps to build a loyal customer base but has no impact on a firms intangible assets. D) It is more important for bigger organizations than smaller ones. E) It is seldom used by nonprofit organizations. 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I Needed For The State And The Restoration Of The Monarchy

When it came to reforming her own government, she made sure to surround herself with those that actually had the best interest of the territories in mind. Some of those she credited with her success as a ruler were, Johann Christoph von Bartenstein, Count Friedrich Wilhelm von Haugwitz, Emanuel Silva-Tarouca, and Ignaz von Koch. She wrote, â€Å"Bartenstein and Haugwitz gave me what I needed for the State and the preservation of the Monarchy. Tarouca and Koch supplied me with consolation, counsel and private information for my own knowledge and correction. It was not by pure luck that Maria Theresa was able to keep her kingdom alive during the beginning of her unexperienced reign. At first, she was reluctant to make changes even though she†¦show more content†¦Military Maria Theresa, as inexperienced as she was, was able to see the lack of intelligence in the organization of her military forces, less than ten years into her rule. She wrote, â€Å"Each unit had a different order of marching, a different drill, etc. One practiced rapid fire, another slow. The same words of command were differently interpreted in each unit, and it is really no wonder that ten years before my accession the Emperor as defeated every time, and the subsequent state of the army beggars description.† She was able to see, early on, that not only did she need a better trained military force, but she also needed a larger force. Through calibration with her advisors, mostly Haugwitz, she was able to obtain the men and money to have an appropriate military force. Public Opinion Maria Theresa was generally well-liked as she accomplished much for her people. In 1749, in a letter addressed to Frà ¤ulein Thomasius, Luise Gottsched spoke of her most amazing visit with Maria Theresa. She starts by saying, â€Å"Yes, I have seen her, the greatest among women. She who, in herself, is higher than her throne.† She goes on to explain the event of meeting the Empress and mentions the compliments Maria Theresa gave to both Luise and her husband. Throughout theShow MoreRelatedRESPONSIBLE FOR THEIR OWN DOWNFALL IN 1830? Essay example1298 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿DO YOU AGREE THAT THE BOURBONS WERE RESPONSIBLE FOR THEIR OWN DOWNFALL IN 1830? In July 1830 a second French Revolution caused the then monarch, Charles X, to abdicate. He was replaced by the Duke of Orleans, marking the end of the Bourbon restoration, which had seen the Pre-Napoleonic regime return to power after the emperor’s exile. 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Use of Adobe in Cyprus Free Essays

string(90) " dry during summer where the demand for airing is extremely demanded inside the edifices\." What is Adobe? Production, Application A ; Features Adobe is a composite edifice stuff made with dirt and straws. Needed sum of H2O is added to dirty and straws which is traditionally crushed and squezed by pes, to blend the stuffs making clay. In some parts, droppings is used alternatively of straws. We will write a custom essay sample on Use of Adobe in Cyprus or any similar topic only for you Order Now Straws are used to adhere the bricks together. It besides allow the bricks to dry every bit. Some experiments show that utilizing straws in adobe bricks make them more immune for clefts. Dung is chiefly used to avoid insects. The mixture is so casted into wooden frames ( normally 30cm ten 45cmx 6cm ) .It is compressed within the wooden frames to forestall the spreads, doing it heavy and strong. Excess clay is glanced off the frames to do a level surface for the bricks. Wooden frames are removed and adobe bricks are left to dry in a level surface, under the Sun for a few yearss. It is a low-priced and easy to do stuff which was widely used all around the universe extensively in Egypt, Sudan, Middle East and Asia Minor. As it is an earth stuff, it is suited for semi-arid climes where summers are hot and dry and winters cold and wet. It has a high thermal mass which is defined as the ability of the stuff to absorb heat. It helps to stabilise the inside temperature of the edifices. Main natural stuffs of adobe can easy be found locally. Soil types and colorss depends on the vicinity and that is the chief ground to see different coloured adobe edifices in different countries. Load bearing walls made from adobe bricks are normally 45-50cm broad. Minimal breadth should non be less than 30 centimeter. Adobe walls carry their ain weight into foundations so there is no demand for other sturctures to transport the burden of the walls. Normally, 80-100 centimeter high rock walls are built as a base for the adobe walls to forestall the affect of land humidness on adobe bricks. As there are non any other constructions to transport the adobe walls, land is dug for the termss. The deepness of the excavated country depends on the local features of the land and the frost degree of the dirt. The misguided apparatus of the foundations might do clefts on the walls. Courses of adobe bricks are lined horizantally and binded together with clay howitzer to organize the adobe walls. Mud plaster which is a breathable stuff that can let the wet of the adobe walls to vaporize ; is used to stick on the first bed of the adobe walls. Fine grained straws are added where straw fibres increase adhering and to obtain a smooth surface. Mud plaster is a lasting stuff but the concluding coating of the wall is made by stick oning calcium hydroxide based paste which is a water-repellent stuff to protect the structural feature of the adobe. As it is an earth stuff, one-year fix is recommended. Worn surfaces are replaced by clay howitzer and plastered once more. This procedure is normally carried out during fall. In adobe houses, the breadth of the edifices do no transcend 4m ( 13ft ) by and large. The infinites are largely rectangular and in some instances they might be square shaped. It is recommended to construct maximal two floors with adobe. Ceiling beams which were normally wood, are placed parallel to the short side of the rectangle with 30-40cm intervals. For these beams, cypress tree was normally used in Cyprus. Bushes or reeds were placed above the beams or in some instances reeds in the signifier of mats might be used if available. On top of this bed, 20-25 centimeter midst clay is casted and compressed by a rock roller. This type of roofs need one-year fix, which normally carried out in fall. If the roof is build with a incline, tiles are used to cover the clay bed. This will cut down the scratch of the clay and reduces the demand for care. Use of Adobe in Cyprus Adobe is a common edifice stuff in Cyprus from early ages. Building stuffs might change in different parts, such as Kyrenia and Paphos ( which are coastal parts of the island ) rock was used to construct shelters. In the fields and foothills, adobe was widely used. The usage of the stuffs depended on the regional handiness and climatic factors. As adobe is an insulating stuff, bulk of the houses were build utilizing adobe. Mesaoria vale which is located between Kyrenia Mountains in the North and Trodos Mountains in the sou’-west of the island, is an aluvial field where most of the adobe edifices can be seen. Reports on dirt studies in Cyprus shows that there are chiefly two types of dirt in the island. One is ‘deep soils’ which can be found in fields and 2nd one is ‘shallow soils’ which can be found in mountain and semi mountain countries. ‘Deep soil’ consequences show that % 60 of the dirt in fields is clay. Large sum of the field lands is calcareus with Ca carbonate content up to % 40-60. Limestone is a sedimentary stone which includes high degrees of Ca carbonate. Limestone is processed in different phases to bring forth calcium hydroxide. Including insularity characteristics of adobe, suited ingredients can be found locally around the island which are dirt with high clay content, and limestone to bring forth calcium hydroxide. Adobe bricks are dried under Sun where limestone and roof tiles are baked in local furnaces by utilizing wood or fuel. This makes adobe a sustainable and natural stuff. Limestone was besides used to construct patio walls. Nicosia is located in the Mesaoria vale where adobe edifices can widely be seen. After the declaration of independency of the island in 1960, concrete edifices started to lift over the island. Nowadays, little sums of Earth edifices are built around Cyprus. Cyprus is hot and dry during summer where the demand for airing is extremely demanded inside the edifices. You read "Use of Adobe in Cyprus" in category "Essay examples" Privacy was an of import factor on determining the traditional house design of Cyprus where Windowss were built above oculus degree to maintain the privateness. Windows on adobe walls were made by puting wooden headers on top of the gaps to back up the bricks above. Terra rossa dirt is present in some countries of Mesaoria field which is a ruddy brown dirt. Colour of adobe bricks might change in different parts of the island. Partition walls inside the edifices were normally built with light timber-framing filled with rubble or plaster. As adobe is a heavy stuff, it was used to construct the external walls merely. Testing adobe samples from the Davies House I scratched a really small sum of adobe from the external wall of the Davies House. It was easy crumbled into little pieces chiefly because of the low strenght of the wall. My chief purpose to prove these samples is to happen out and specify the ingredients of the adobe used in this peculiar edifice. My purpose was besides to happen out the age of the stuff if possible. First phase in the research lab was to look at the samples under a microscope. A little sum from the sample was taken and placed on a faux pas. Soil and straw atoms were clearly seen but it was difficult to place the stuffs clearly. As they were assorted and largely binded with each other, I need to divide the ingredients. The manner of dividing the composite stuff is to blend the coveted sum of sample with H2O and leave it for one twenty-four hours. By this manner, dense and heavy stuffs which are dirt atoms in this instance will drop ; where the light stuffs will drift on the liquid which are the straws that has lower denseness than H2O which makes them float. One-half of the adobe sample is grained by utilizing a cock. A all right grained pulverization was obtained. 5gr of the pulverization was weighted by a sensitive weighting graduated table. It was put inside a glass beaker and 200ml of distilled H2O added to the sample. The mixture was stirred manually for a few proceedingss and so placed on the magnetic scaremonger hot plate. The characteristic of this hot plate is that it has a magnetic field and if a magnet is placed inside the solution, the magnet will do a round spin and stir it. A magnet was put inside the solution and left to stir and heat for about 15 proceedingss. I used a thermometer to mensurate the temperature of the solution and around 42 ° , closed the hot plate. By stirring and warming, I achieved a well-mixed solution. After a few proceedingss, I covered the beaker with a level glass dish and go forth it for a dark. Through research I found out that calcium hydroxide was used to stick on the adobe walls. There are some grounds on the walls of the Davies House but to turn out that, I used hydrochloric acid. Lime is a stuff that contains calcium carbonate. The reaction of hydrochloric acid or any acerb with Ca carbonate will stop up with bring forthing C dioxide which can be seen by bare oculus as air bubbles. In order to turn out that calcium hydroxide was used in Davies House, I put a small sum of adobe pulverization in a trial tubing. Couple of beads of hydrochloric acid is adequate to see the air bubbles. As a consequence, reaction of the acid with the adobe sample is positive which proves that calcium hydroxide was used in this edifice. It besides raises another inquiry that if the type of dirt in Mesaoria contains % 40-60 Ca carbonate, does the reaction with the acid is because of the type of dirt used in adobe bricks? The mixture was left for a dark. Dense and heavy and indissoluble stuffs sink at the underside of the beaker, where light 1s float on the H2O. Water is non clear which can be defined that some of the dirt was dissolved in H2O. A filter paper was placed inside a funnel and an empty glass beaker was placed below. In order to roll up the natation stuffs, I poured the H2O into the funnel easy without upseting the underside. It was difficult to roll up all of the drifting stuff so I used a metal spatula to roll up the staying from the mixture. The H2O was filtered from the funnel, go forthing the straw atoms on the filter paper. Straws were collected from the filter paper and was put together with the 1s that were collected manually inside a porcelain crucible. I left them dry in the room temperature for 15 proceedingss and set them in the oven for 35-40 proceedingss. They were dried wholly and ready to burden. I changed the filter paper and poured the staying H2O into the funnel. Some of the indissoluble stuffs remained at the underside of the beaker so I collected them by the aid of the metal spatula and set indoors another porcelain crucible. Water was filtered after 2 hours from the funnel and I collected the stuffs from the filter paper and put them inside the crucible. Same procedure was made to dry the stuffs. I let them dry in room temperature for a piece and set them in oven for 40-45 proceedingss. Consequences I weighted the obtained stuffs individually by utilizing a reasonable weight graduated table. Insoluble Materials ( dirt, pebbles ) : 4.56gr ( Wa‚? ) Floating Materials ( straws ) : 0.06gr ( Wa‚‚ ) Exact sum of the whole sample was 5.04 gr. The expression below will give the per centums of the stuffs in the sample. Wa‚ Total Weight x 100 = % .. Wa‚‚? Total Weight x 100 = % .. Insoluble Materials ( dirt, pebbles ) : % 90.48 Floating Materials ( straws ) : % 1.19 As the H2O was non clear after go forthing the solution for a dark, it is defined that there are soluble stuffs in the mixture. So if soluble stuffs are Wa‚? ; Wa‚? + Wa‚‚ + Wa‚? = 5.04 gr Wa‚? = 0.42gr Wa‚? = % 8.33 Experiment shows that most of the adobe stuff is dirt. Straws were used to beef up the binding of the bricks. The sum of straws in 5gr is 0.06gr which is really few. As the edifice is old and ignored, straw atoms might hold been disapeared or decayed within the dirt through clip. Original ingredients of the adobe is soil, straws and H2O. In order to turn out that the detached stuffs from my sample is straws, they need to be identified under a microscope. They are most likely straws but there is a possibility that they might be timber. Timber and wooden stuffs are identified under a microscope by looking at the layout of the cells. Wood are chiefly classified in two groups which are soft and difficult forests but the layout of their cells are similar. If horizantal beams of cells are seen under a microscope, it is a wooden construction. Following measure of placing the straw atoms will be to look under a microscope after cutting really thin subdivisions of the pieces. One manner of thinking the age of the wood is to place the fungus formations within the stuff. The dimensions of the fungus might mention to its age. This can be done by utilizing a microscope but merely if the detached atoms are timber/wood but non straw. Figures img alt="C:UsersdeboMACDesktopdeney foto20140306_122226.jpg" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/0901413.001.jpg"img alt="C:UsersdeboMACDesktopdeney foto20140306_122230.jpg" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/0901413.002.jpg"/ img alt="C:UsersdeboMACDesktopdeney foto20140306_125309.jpg" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/0901413.003.jpg"img alt="C:UsersdeboMACDesktopdeney foto20140305_144412.jpg" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/0901413.004.jpg"img alt="C:UsersdeboMACDesktopdeney foto20140305_144404.jpg" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/0901413.005.jpg"img alt="C:UsersdeboMACDesktopdeney foto20140312_142130.jpg" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/0901413.006.jpg"/ img alt="E:jale andir 12.03.14DS-U1 - 0006.jpg" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/0901413.007.jpg"img alt="E:jale andir 12.03.14DS-U1 - 0001.jpg" src="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/0901413.008.jpg"Straws under the microscope: Dirt atoms under microscope: Bibliography Hadjiparaskevas C. Soil study in Cyprus. In: Zdruli P. ( ed. ) , Steduto P. ( ed. ) , Lacirignola C. ( ed. ) , Montanarella L. ( ed. ) . Soil resources of Southern and Eastern Mediterranean states. Bari: CIHEAM,2001. p. 101-110 ( Options Mediterraneennes: Serie B. Etudes et Recherches ; n. 34 ) hypertext transfer protocol: //www.lime.org/lime_basics/index.asp Oliver, P. ( 2006 ) . Built to run into demands: cultural issues in common architecture. Amsterdam, Architectural. Pg.129-142 Oliver, P. ( erectile dysfunction ) ( 1997 ) Encyclopedia ofVernacularArchitecture of the World, Volume 2, Cultures and Habitats. Pg. 1540-1563 Gunce K. , Erturk Z. , A ; Erturk S. ( 2008 ) . Questioning the â€Å" prototype homes † in the model of Cyprus traditional architecture. Building and Environment. 43, 823-833. Adobe, 2014. . Wikipedia, the free encyclopaedia. Anink, D. , 1996. Handbook of sustainable edifice: an environmental penchant method for choice of stuffs for usage in building and renovation. James A ; James, London. Dincyurek, O. , Turker, O.. , 2007. Learning from traditional built environment of Cyprus: Re-interpretation of the contextual values. Building and Environment 42, 3384–3392. Earth Materials URL hypertext transfer protocol: //earth.sustainablesources.com/ ( accessed 3.25.14 ) . Earth Plaster, Mud Plaster, and Clay Plasters For Straw Bale and Adobe Walls, n.d. Buildings with Awareness. URL hypertext transfer protocol: //www.buildingwithawareness.com/earth-plaster-walls.html ( accessed 3.25.14 ) . Hadjichristos, C. , 2006. Cyprus: Capital of cyprus and its d-visions. AD Architectural Design 76, 12–19. Roy, R.L. , 2006. Earth-sheltered houses: how to construct an low-cost belowground place. New Society Publishers, Gabriola Island, B.C. Snell, C. , 2005. Constructing green: a complete how-to usher to alternative edifice methods: Earth plaster, straw bale, cordwood, hazelnut, populating roofs. Lark Books, New York. Stedman, M. , 1973. Adobe architecture. 1 How to cite Use of Adobe in Cyprus, Essay examples

Sludge Lab Report free essay sample

For the first physical observation, I tried smelling the mixture. It smelled like permanent marker. Next I tried sticking a spoon in it and stirring the tan solid lightly. It looked like it was an extremely smooth sand. Finally, I tried drinking the liquid. Nah, I’m kidding! To start off, I will describe the liquid. I separated it simply by using the decanting technique. I carefully poured it off of the mixture of solids and into a separate plastic cup. Easy. The physical property of phase was used for separation. It was the only liquid in the mixture. Then I had to identify it. I smelled it and it had a permanent marker smell to it. That led me to believe it was an alcohol. Next, I tried measuring the density using a graduated cylinder and a balance. I measured the amount of alcohol I put in the graduated cylinder (volume) and how many grams it was on the balance (mass). We will write a custom essay sample on Sludge Lab Report or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The volume was 9. 2cm3, the mass was 7. 25g, and the overall density was . 79cm3. That proved my liquid was not water. Finally, I tested the boiling point to determine what type of alcohol it was. I used a ring stand, thermometer, hot plate, test tube, and a beaker full of water. I placed the beaker full of water on the hot plate. I then filled the test tube with my liquid and attached it to the ring stand. Finally, I put the thermometer in the test tube and turned the hot plate on high. The liquid really started boiling around 78 degrees (Celsius), so I concluded that my alcohol was ethyl alcohol. Next we have the blackish/brownish particle layer. To separate it, I used the magnetic retrieval technique. This tests the physical property of magnetism. I simply used a magnet to retrieve the particles and a toothbrush to remove them from the magnet into a separate paper cup. There’s only one substance that is magnetic, but I had to do two more tests. I simply checked solubility in water in alcohol. It wasn’t soluble in either. It was, obviously, iron filings. The third substance I decided to separate from the mixture was the tan sand. After the liquid was removed, the solid wasn’t as silky and it was more like normal sand. I also discovered the â€Å"rocks† were actually clumps of this substance. ANOTHER thing I discovered was white/clear grains. Yes, it was a salt! That means there’s only one way to separate this stuff: dissolve and filter. I poured water onto the rest of the mixture and stirred it up for a solid minute or so. After that, I poured the water into a funnel lined with filter paper which dripped down into another cup. This left me with only the tan sand. First I tried smelling it. It had a REALLY strong smell. Secondly, I recalled it being in the alcohol with a few particles floating around. This got me to believe it was slightly soluble in alcohol. Finally, I tried testing solubility in water. It just floated at the top without any particles floating around in the water, so it wasn’t soluble in water. Due to these factors, I determined it was sulfur. Last, but certainly not least, the white/clear grains. Before I evaporated the water, I took note that it’s soluble in water. To separate it from the water, I evaporated it off. I simply put it on a hot plate, set it on high, and poof. Only grains. By now I identified it as a salt. My next test was alcohol solubility. Turns out, it’s only slightly because the alcohol was very cloudy after the dissolving process. Lastly, I put a sample on a watch glass with some water and left it out over night to check crystal shape. In the end, the crystals were spear shaped, leading me to the conclusion that it was potassium nitrate. All in all, my sludge consisted of ethyl alcohol, iron filings, sulfur, and potassium nitrate. I think my only difficulty was that I discovered the salt fairly late in the process. Overall, I enjoyed this lab because I really felt like I was doing something a real scientist would do. Oh yeah, and I felt a feeling of loss once I had to throw my work away. Sniff.

Person Experience Essay Essays - , Term Papers

Person Experience Essay Syracuse University 8:02 a.m. Saturday. It's still dark, as usual, on these cold, winter days. Everybody else is still sleeping and enjoying the comfprting heat of their beds. I crack open the locked window by my bed, an act some deemed downright idiotic. I strip off my pj's, throw on my robe, and head for the shower. Drying off, I think about where I am abou to go. I dress piece by layered piece. I can't wait to hit the slopes! I round up my tools: body, boards, boots, bindings. Everything is in working order and ready for take-off. As I open the front door, I am shocked by the cold and fight my way through the wind to my car. I turn the key and put the heater on full blast. I am almost there. I step out of my car and survey the parking lot. Not too many cars. That's the way I like it. I take a deep breath and savor the frsh air. Already, I can feel the pressure of deadlines lifted off my chest. I strap my skis on, and prepare not just to tackle a run but other situations in my life as well. I skate over to the first pitch of the double diamond slope, and map out where I will take the first couple turns. It is almost like I am assessing my goals in life: getting accepted into Syracuse, owning a house in Colorado, raising a healthy family. I appreciate the sound of carving the first turn as if it was my very last. The crunching of the snow under my feet empowers me to crush the antagonists in my everyday life. The second and third turns secure my self-confidence. Only with the fourth turn do I start to realize that things are not always that easy. I heard it said often, "It's easier said than done." I never believed it until now. I only skid slightly over a patch of ice, but it is enough to start my heart thumping. I am suddenly aware that to finish this run or to reach my goals, I have to be ready for the tricky spots. I know that at any moment I could fall and be forced to start over. My lifetime goals can be affected by any number of things - grades slipping, drugs and alcohol - and I have to be ready to handle anything. I clear my mind of all fear and continue through turns, but with more caution. Once the focus of my goal is on track, I persevere to attain it. I quickly aquire my rhythm. I become more determined. Now, I take sharper, shorter turns. I glide swiftly toward the chairlift just now appearing in my sights. I know that through hard work I can achieve these realistic goals! I am almost there! I thrill at the prospect of conquering this hill. I feel proud of myself. I am gratified to know that I can accomplish a goal endurance. I can achieve despite the many ice patches I encounter. I ride the lift back to my car. I only came for one run, the run to help me survive the week. I drive home grinning ear to ear.

Mistakes to Avoid When Writing Fictional Dialogue

Mistakes to Avoid When Writing Fictional Dialogue In this episode, we talk about some of the basics of writing great dialogue in fiction – and specifically, some of the common mistakes you should avoid before you submit your manuscript to a publisher or agent for review.Great dialogue does several things:It makes a book hard to put down.It draws readers into the story.It suspends the readers disbelief.It gives the reader a sense of being there.Here are the mistakes we cover in this episode:Mistake 1: AdverbsIn general, the more adverbs surrounding the verb – whether that verb is asked, said, thought, or something similar – the less writing experience the author probably has.Mistake 2: Allowing Your Characters to Be Talking HeadsMake sure that your characters dialogue is occurring in a setting that gives the reader some context as to what is happening around the characters as they are speaking.Mistake 3: Writing out the Entire ConversationYou can start the conversation anywhere you feel is necessary and end it th e same way, with the right set-up in the words surrounding your dialogue.

Article Summary and Reaction Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 4

Article Summary and Reaction Paper - Essay Example Nevertheless, Parga visited the Karow Chiropractic Center and treated for the injuries (Sacasa, 2014). The treatment cost was settled by Allstate Insurance that amounted to $ 19 386.25. Later, FBI investigators unraveled the fraud. Investigators made arrests and charges on Ricardo Pargas and Alien Moya. They both attested guilty. The FBI (2015) recognizes insurance fraud as among the greatest challenges to insurance companies in the U.S that costs nearly $40 billion, annually. The incidence at West Palm Beach, Florida involved violation of the Florida Insurance Fraud Statute (Penal Code, Title XLVI, Chapter 817) (The Florida Legislature, 2015). The law outlines circumstances that involve insurance fraud. The insurance fraud greatly affected the insurance company, Allstate Insurance, which had to pay $ 19 386.25 as compensation for fraudulent claims. The articles describe the impact of staged accidents to the insurance company. Under the law, insurance fraud is punishable as provided in subsection (11) when rendered the accused is guilty of either having an intent to cause injury, knowingly engages in the defraud or has motives to deceive the insurer. Charges are also applicable when there is evidence that the accused is proven to knowingly disguise critical information when filing the claim. Sacasa, A. (2014, September 25). West Palm man jailed in staged auto crash ring. Sun Sentinel. Retrieved May 2, 2015 from, http://articles.sun-sentinel.com/2014-09-25/local/fl-west-palm-staged-crash-fraud-20140925_1_staged-crashes-minor-crash-alien-moya The Florida Legislature. (2015). The 2014 Florida Statutes: Florida Insurance Fraud Statute (Penal Code, Title XLVI, Chapter 817). Retrieved May 2, 2015 from,

How to Make a Cake - Training Session Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

How to Make a Cake - Training Session - Essay Example At the end of the training, the learners should have the ability to identify all the ingredients used in the preparation of pancakes and to have the ability to prepare pancakes in different ways according to the unique recipes taught in the training. The objectives are important in influencing the structure of the training process. Just as the name suggests, objectives portray the features the training seeks to achieve thus helping the trainers help tailor the raining materials. In determining the objectives, the trainers look for the nature of the raining thus determining the features it seeks to achieve. In this context, the training session seeks to equip trainees with pancake making skills through numerous recipes. With this understanding, it becomes important for the trainees to understand the ingredients used in the preparation of pancakes and the varied methods used in doing so. Such are intricate factors considered in the development of the objectives of the training exercise. The learning styles will include theoretical and practical features each of which has specific strengths and weaknesses. However, incorporating both methods ensures that they complement each other thus enhancing the success of the training process. Theoretical teaching requires students to attend classes, take notes, and participate in the lectures. The process often provides an effective platform for the trainers to introduce the trainees to the varied courses and the unique features of the training session. This equips the trainees with the appropriate mindset and the inaugural safety and security factors they must consider in order to enhance the success of the training process. A practical session on the other hand includes implementing the theoretical features of the lessons by practicing the process of preparing the pancakes. This requires the students to attend sessions in appropriate laboratories and kitchens fitted with appropriate

Letter of Intent for Masters of Public Health Essay

Letter of Intent for Masters of Public Health - Essay Example Therefore, I believe that pursuing a masters in public health will enable me to play a crucial role in creating a healthy community, which has been my long term goal. My background education in various educational backgrounds in related fields will be a plus in my effort to achieve my goals. I have a bachelor degree in psychology and I am also a doctor’s assistant in a medical clinic. In my work environment, I have faced various medical situations in my line of work and because of the need to ensure that I progress career wise and also attain my goals of ensuring a healthy lifestyle for everyone in the community, pursuing a masters in public health will enable me to be a step forward in attaining my goals. I have various qualities that make me an eligible candidate for the MPH program. I am passionate about public health and I always take the initiative to research new trends in the area and this has always kept me in a position to have ready solutions in various situations that my arise in my line of work and also in case of any emergency or situation requiring my expertise. My motivation comes from the need to have a healthy community an d this has made me creative in various areas. The passion for my work as a public health officer has put in me the willingness to look for solutions to problems without giving up as this plays a crucial role in solving various medical issues that may arise. With a MPH I aim at playing a central role in improving the health of people around the world and I will achieve this by developing various strategies aimed at coming up with solutions for health problems. I envision myself collaborating with other professionals in the public health sector with the same goal of promoting wellness in communities all over the world. This program will give me the chance to advance my research skills which are paramount for coming up with real solutions to health related problems. My experience in psychology

Remarks On 40th Anniversary Of D Day

Remarks On 40th Anniversary Of D Day Remarks on the 40th Anniversary of D-Day by Ronald Reagan delivered in Normandy is a sample of a effective and persuading speech, where the speaker uses different stylistic devices to increase the impact of his words and speech on the audience. As the matter of fact, the speech focuses on the historical events related to World War II but Ronald Reagan attempts to intertwine the historical events of the past with the present moment. Moreover, he shows the close link between the past heroic deeds of Americans and the need to unite efforts of all democratic countries in the new struggle against their common enemy. In general, the speech is quite successful due to the use of various stylistic devices, logical and emotional presentation of key ideas and the appeal to the authority, such God, which makes the speech closer to minds and souls of the audience and make people feel sympathetic and follow the lead of Ronald Reagan. In actuality, the speech Remarks on the 40th Anniversary of D-Day opens with the reference of the author to the past and to the heroic struggle of American and European soldiers against their common enemy the Nazi regime in Germany, which spread its influence all over Europe and threatened to the freedom of the US as well: We stand on a lonely, windswept point on the northern shore of France. The air is soft, but forty years ago at this moment, the air was dense with smoke and the cries of men, and the air was filled with the crack of rifle fire and the roar of cannon. (Reagan). In such a way, the author uses the contrast between the present calmness of the place and the past heroic struggle and turbulent events that accompanied the D-Day in 1944. Actually, Ronal Reagan shows that the past was full of tragic events and the D-Day has changed the calm environment of Normandy and its quiet and powerful nature. The D-day is depicted as something abnormal, as a challenge to the nature and as an attempt of Americans and their allies to restore the natural order, when democratic nations united their efforts in the struggle against Nazi Germany, which threatened to their freedom and fundamental values. The use of contrast by Ronald Reagan has a profound impact on the audience because it is obvious that the audience can be shocked by the present calmness of the place and the past turbulent events, which cost thousands of lives to Americans and their allies. In such a way, Ronald Reagan engages the audience with the help of the contrast. At the same time, he attempts to strengthen the impression from his speech on the audience and to increase its persuasive power by appealing to the authority. IN this regard, Ronald Reagan abundantly refers to God as the highest authority and it is according to Gods will he attempts to act and to appeal to the authority of God, who, as Ronald Reagan attempts to show, defined the outcome of the war and justified actions of Americans and their allies in the course of World War II and does so in the present time. IN fact, he attempts to show that all actions and events are ruled by God: This world He created is of moral design. Grief and tragedy and hatred are only for a time. Goodness, remembrance and love have no end, and the Lord of life holds all who die and all who mourn (Reagan). Such an appeal to the authority of God helps Ronald Reagan to gain attention of the audience and to show that what he is saying is not just his own ideas and beliefs but what he says is grounded on his fi rm belief in God and His will and power to determine the life of people and guide people to the virtuous and good life. In such a context, Ronald Reagan derives from material values and draws the attention of the audience to fundamental spiritual values: As weve been assured, neither death nor life nor angels nor principalities, nor powers nor things present nor things to come nor height nor depth can separate us from Gods love. May He bless the souls of the departed. May He comfort our own. And may He always guide our country (Reagan). This is another manifestation of the appeal to the authority, which shows that people should not focus on their material life but there are more important values. At the same time, along with the appeal to authority and the use of contrast and other stylistic devices, Ronald Reagan develops his speech logically and reasonably but often he refers to emotions and moral values of the audience. In this regard, it is possible to trace the effective and systematic use of pathos in the speech of Ronald Reagan. For instance, her refers to the veterans of World War II as follows: These are the men who took the cliffs. These are the champions who helped free a continent. And these are the heroes who helped end a war (Reagan). Obviously, the use of pathos contributes to the persuasion of the audience because it evokes basic moral values in the audience, such as the respect to the elder generation and to veterans of World War II, who were true heroes and Reagan stresses their heroic struggle and deeds, which cost so many lives for the US and its allies. In addition, Ronald Reagan appeals to emotions of the audience and feelings of veterans as well as other people listening to his speech. In this regard, it is possible to refer to the story of Bill Millin of the 51st Highlanders. In fact, this story is the manifestation of ethos in Remarks on the 40th Anniversary of D-Day, which Ronald Reagan uses to evoke strong emotions in the audience. While evoking strong emotions in the audience, the speaker can direct listeners and persuade them in his righteousness. At any rate, when the audience is emotionally affected, people readily accept the message of the speaker without even thinking about what he is actually saying. In such a context, the regular reference to the past are particularly effective in the course of the speech: Yet you risked everything here. Why? Why did you do it? What impelled you to put aside the instinct for self-preservation and risk your lives to take these cliffs? What inspired all the men of the armies that met here? We look at you, and somehow we know the answer. It was faith and belief. It was loyalty and love (Reagan). Obviously, such use of ethos can hardly keep the audience, especially veterans of World War II, indifferent to what Reagan is saying. In stark contrast, such reference to the past and emotions of the audience make people follow the lead of Ronald Reagan. People start thinking over questions the speaker poses and they can hardly think clearly over these questions because Ronald Reagan provides immediately the answer to the questions he poses. Thus, he provides the audience with the answer giving them practically no time to consider over possible alternative answers to the questions. Furthermore, Ronald Reagan uses ethos to strengthen the heroism of American soldiers and allies in World War II: They are the names of people who faced death and in their last moments called home to say, be brave and I love you (Reagan). At the same time, this sample of ethos shows the effective way in which Reagan has linked closely the tragic events that took place in Europe and sufferings of people in the US. Thus, he revealed the fact that World War II was the tragedy for all people all over the world. However, Ronald Regan steadily and logically leads to the audience from the past to the present time. In this regard, he uses logos to make his speech reasonable and persuading: Were bound today by what bound us 40 years ago, the same loyalties, traditions, and beliefs. Were bound by reality. The strength of Americas allies is vital to the United States, and the American security guarantee is essential to the continued freedom of Europes democracies. We were with you then; were with you now. Your hopes are our hopes, and your destiny is our destiny (Reagan). At this point, Ronald Reagan uses logos to draw attention of the public to the current problems the US, all Americans and democratic people face. In fact, he uses the events of the D-Day that occurred forty years ago as the background to the present threats to the democracy and the US and its allies. He uses skillfully logos to show that threats of the past persist and today Americans still face numerous problems and threats, whi ch can put under a threat their freedom and fundamental values. In such a way, he logically concludes that Americans and their allies should unite their efforts in the struggle against new threats that emerge in the contemporary world. Moreover, in the end of his speech he refers again to the authority of God to complete his speech and back it up with the authority of God. Thus, Remarks on the 40th Anniversary of D-Day is a persuasive and effective speech delivered by Ronald Reagan in 1984. The speech has proved to be quite successful due to the skillful use of stylistic devices, logos, ethos and pathos. Ronald Reagan has managed to show the heroic deeds of Americans and their allies in the past and, what is more, he has managed to intertwine those deeds and past threats with the present situation to show that threats persisted and Americans should be aware of existing threats to their freedom and traditional values. In such a way, the speech Remarks on the 40th Anniversary of D-Day is the sample of the logical and emotionally strong speech that persuades the audience.

Internet :: essays research papers

  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The Recording Industry   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  We all listen to music wether we want to or not. Its in our homes, watching TV, driving in our car, going to the store, its unavoidable. Then why is the recording Industry trying to make people feel guilty about burning â€Å"illegal† CDs, when we can go to the mall and hear as much music for free as we want . I for one will never feel guilty because I always support the artist I download, by buying his/her cd’s or going to their concerts. The industry has always been about money instead of music. They are just mad because consumers have finally figured them out.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The first record created was in eighteen-seventy-seven. The song was Mary Had a Little Lamb. The artist/Inventor was Thomas Edison. Edison had created the worlds first phonograph, capable of playing back up to two to three minutes worth of recordings. His invention started a cultural revolution that went hand in hand with its cousin, the industrial revolution. The idea that sound could be recorded and played back at our pleasure was astonishing. I’ am sure no one had in mind the endless profits one could make. Profit was a word that would be associated with music about thirteen years later, because in eighteen-ninety the jukebox was first introduced at a bar in San Francisco. In it’s first six months of operation the coin operated machine grossed over one- thousand dollars. It did not take a genius to realize that the United State’s was home to thousand’s of bar’s each capable of making equal or greater value. Thus music and mone y became synonymous. Singer’s and songwriter’s were no longer artists, but commodities.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Along with money comes greed and in nineteen-hundred when Thomas Lambert invented a way of mass-duplicating his patent of â€Å"indestructible† phonograph cylinder’s, and although the patent was upheld in court, costly lawsuit’s filed by Edison put him out of business just seven years after his invention.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Record’s became an instant hit with the American public. People were flocking to bar’s to listen to recorded sound. The library of congress began recording and saving â€Å"Sounds of America† to preserve popular and influential music of the time, everything from bluegrass to classical. It was no surprise that the general public soon yearned for their own way of playing record’s from the comfort and privacy of their home’s. In 1906 a company called victor introduced a enclosed phonograph player that had been designed to look like a piece of furniture.

Black Holes

Black holes are objects so dense that it is not possible for even light to escape their gravity. There are two main processes continuously going on in massive stars. 1. Nuclear fusion: This process takes place in the stars which tends to blow the star's hydrogen outward from the star's center. 2. Gravitation: This process tends to pull all hydrogen back in the direction it had come. In general, these two processes balance one another until the entire star's hydrogen is exhausted, allowing gravitation to take over and once gravitation dominates, and the star becomes unstable and starts to collapse.Once the star starts to collapse, it does not stop, and the star (and ultimately its atoms) will cave inward upon itself, resulting in the formation of a black hole (Hewitt, 1992). Where is the nearest black hole? The closest known black holes are stellar mass black holes in the galaxy. These black holes have so far only been seen when they are in close contact with another star which is orb iting around them. When jets are produced the systems are known as microquasars and can be observed at many wavelengths, but usually are most distinctive in X-rays (Masters, 2002). What happens if you fall into a black hole?Just because nothing can travel faster than light, nothing can escape from inside a black hole. If a person jumps into a black hole, they won't be able to see anything within the event horizon. The person will see strange optical distortions of the sky around him from all the bending of light that goes on. But as soon as the person falls through, they are doomed. They will die. References Hewitt, Paul G. (1992) Conceptual Physics. 2nd ed. New York: Addison-Wesley Publishing Company. Masters, K. (2002) Where is the nearest black hole? Curious About Astronomy? Retrieved on 9 November 2007 from http://curious. astro. cornell. edu

The Way to Modernism essays

The Way to Modernism essays The Victorian Era was a period of morality, modesty and propriety. These qualities were reflected in the art, music and literature of this time. Many of these great artists, writers and musicians longed for change and began experimenting with new styles and techniques in their works. Their experiments led to a rejection of tradition and became the movement toward modernism. Georges Seurat, a post-impressionist, Henrik Ibsen, a writer and Igor Stravinsky, a musician all contributed their works to the movement toward the modern era. Georges Seurat was a post-impressionist in the 19th century. He used tiny dots of paint in order to create his works. His piece, A Sunday on La Grande Jatte is a perfect example of this technique. The public was quick to reject Seurats unique concept of pointillism. The doll-like figures used in his paintings were considered to be unrealistic and different from the traditional paintings they were use to seeing. The public was not open to change and the abandoning of tradition was shocking. Today, many of the geometrically shaped figures seen in his works have been created using the same concept in computer animation films. With this being said, it is evident that Georges Seurat has played a major role in the development of the modern era and computer science. Henrik Ibsen was the most famous play writer in his day. His play A Dolls House caused the most controversy and was banned from the stage. This play told a story about a woman who realizes the small part she had been playing in her husbands life. She states, Ever since the fist day we met, we have never exchanged so much as one serious word about serious things, referring to the fact that her husband never speaks to her about important situations. In the end she walks out the door and leaves her husband in a confused state of mind. The thought of a woman leaving her husband and being on her ow...

The Future of the World Wide Web

The Future of the World Wide Web THE FUTURE OF THE WORLD WIDE WEBMost experts agree that the next generation of World Wide Web users will see things change rapidly. Boundaries that seem insurmountable now will blur into oblivion. Limits like national borders, languages and even space and time will seem to melt away into the porous digital world. Developments are expected in many areas of information technology that will change the landscape around us changing the way we live and work. The next twenty five years are expected to see major advances in mobility, connectivity and globalization.Dr. Henry Samueli, CTO of Broadcom, cites Voice over IP (VoIP) as the early steps to full network convergence. He foresees the convergence of wireless voice and data and he expects that technology to become standard in medium to large corporations in the next 5-10 years. According to Dr. Samueli, "Workplace nirvana will be when everyone is connected, anywhere, anytime."World wide webOf course this state can only be reached with con tinued technological advances in wireless connectivity. Wireless broadband has emerged as the favorite son of developers and hardware manufacturers alike. The early stages of this development have already begun and are expected to continue to unfold over the next decade.With wide-spread use of wireless VoIP, devices that allow continuous connectivity will change the dynamic of human interaction. A device the size of a cell phone (or maybe even smaller) will have the capability to surf the Web, process complex applications and communicate by voice or video imagery simultaneously. This will greatly affect both personal and professional activities. Some even expect that devices will be implanted into human beings that will allow continuous access to the World Wide Web, making our access completely mobile.These wireless technologies cannot be successful without connectivity. Most people are familiar with the dropped...

The Conflict Of A Cut Above And Angel Case Study - 6

The Conflict Of A Cut Above And Angel - Case Study Example This is the â€Å"story† of the case’s progress in the courts, from the time the plaintiff filed its complaint in court, to the appeal to the court that made the final decision in the case. The procedural history of this case is the following. On July 8, 2008, Angel and Cut Above entered into a contract for the sale and purchase of a specialized crane. Pursuant to the contract Cut Above is to pay Angel $100,000.00 for the manufacture of a crane with special hydraulics that will assist Cut Above in constructing its client’s addition over the water, as the hospital is located on a Pensacola inlet, and the rehabilitation center is to be housed in the new addition. †¨Ã¢â‚¬ ¨Cut Above paid Angel a deposit of $50,000.00 with the remainder to be paid to Angel upon delivery of the crane, per specifications, on January 15, 2010. January 15, 2010, came and went and the crane did not arrive. The failure of the crane to arrive set the project back initially by one week. Following a conversation with Angel’s executive Cut Above’s understanding from the executive was that the crane would not be completed until January 31, 2010, at which time it was to be shipped via truck FOB the construction site. †¨Ã¢â‚¬ ¨There is a provision in Cut Above’s contract with its client, Pensacola Memorial Hospital, that the project was to be completed by March 30, 2010, and that every day the project was delayed past that time, Cut Above would be assessed $500.00 per day, said assessment is deducted from the hospital’s final payment. Cut Above was charged $3,500.00 for a 7-day delay. †¨Ã¢â‚¬ ¨Based on the foregoing Cut Above rented a crane to complete as much of the project as possible until the specialized crane arrived from Angel. The crane arrived on February 4, 2010, and Cut Above accepted delivery of the crane but withheld from its final payment to Angel its cost of renting another crane, as well as anticipated delay costs on the project.

Governor Deval Patrick-Commonwealth of Massachusetts Essay

Governor Deval Patrick-Commonwealth of Massachusetts - Essay Example Patrick is much concerned with education and that is his main reason of funding the public education at the highest level in the history of the common-wealth. Governor Patrick also made his state to be the leading in biotech, biopharmaceuticals and information technology. Issues of infrastructure and expansion of affordable health care were solved by Governor Patrick. Massachusetts home through the Governor managed to be the first state to have offshore wind farm. These amazing performances made the people of his state to describe him as a high (Strong) performing culture leader (Lussier & Achua, 2013). Governor Patrick as a person who grew up in a poor family, he understands in detail most of the problems the members of society are facing. For this reason, he must be strict to issues related to society such as leadership. As a matter of facts, we all see the Governor financing public school education at the top level in the past of commonwealth that later emerged top in the national competition (Lussier & Achua, 2013). Education according to him was the main key point to success to a child into adulthood. Governor Patrick and his administration embraced variety of ideas that could help to boost the living of residents who elected him (Lussier & Achua, 2013). Almost 98% of residents could get access to affordable medical care assistance. The administration through the support of the Governor also ensured that the state is entitled to good leadership, modernized infrastructure and quality education. It is clear evidence that Governor Patrick represents in him some core principles of leadership. First, we get to find Patrick growing up in a broken home and in poverty where most of the advices he got were from his teachers and the grandmother where he was being told to hope for the best and work for it (Lussier & Achua, 2013). Patrick’s academic career in Harvard made ways for him. As a student, he was elected as an assistant attorney general for

Brazilian Worker's Party System Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Brazilian Worker's Party System - Essay Example According to Borges (2011), the Brazilian party system has always been associated with clientelism; hence, today, the country has a more stable party system. However, the two parties that seem to overrule the rest during presidential elections are the worker’s party (PT) and the party of Brazilian social democracy (PSDB). Hence, according to Love (2009, pp 38), during the times of President Lula, the Brazilian politicians were known to bribe citizens in poor regions by offering them pork so that they could vote for them; cash handout was also common during polling. Some of the political parties also created a client group, whose aim was to vote for a certain party. According to Mainwaring (1999 pp 5), â€Å"parties have weak roots in society and limited legitimacy and exercise little influence over congressional representatives.† He adds that Brazil has severally reshaped and dissolved party systems formation as follows, in 1889, 1930, 1937, 1965 and 1979. Moreover, Mai nwaring (1997 pp 8) notes that the Brazilian political systems are less disciplined compared to the American political parties. Further, â€Å"instability, fragility, fragmentation, non-differentiation, lack of cohesiveness and representativeness are the words to describe political parties in Brazil† (Kinzo, 1993, pp 139). This is due to lack of democracy in any party in the country in the earlier years.Rules have also been put in place; however, these rules tend to favor parties that are undisciplined, decentralized, and individualistic. In addition, the author describes the weak parties as a hindrance to popular representation in politics, thus sustaining elicit politics. Politicians were hence seen as the main drive to represent their parties. However, the weak parties disadvantaged the establishment of accountability through parties; for instance, the weaknesses of some political parties interfered with leadership in Brazil (Mainwaring, 1999, pp 6). According to Mainwarin g (1997 pp 3), party discipline is essential in any political system since it influences how well the legislatures and executives function and interact. When parties are undisciplined, there is a high possibility of the government to be unstable and ineffective, and interferes with the

Hofstede Cultural Difference Critiques Essay Example for Free

Hofstede Cultural Difference Critiques Essay Arguably, Hofstede’s work (1980, 1997) represents a pioneering approach of culture as a way of comparing international management frameworks. First of all, prior to offering any evaluations in regards to McSweeney’s criticism (2002a/b), it is crucial to identify the nature of Hostede’s work within the entire sphere of the culture approach itself. In contrast to the guarantors of the emic approach , whose main concepts tend to discard the equalization and standardization of dimensions in national cultures’ comparisons, the pillars of Hofstede’s work, which belong to the etic approach , are based on 5 dimensions whereby national differences are then measured. In other words, from the emic standpoint it is also arguable that the etic research methodology, as aiming to identify equalities among national differences, would risk throwing out the baby with the bath water . On the other hand, from the emic perspective, dividing the culture into a set of defined scopes stands as the only way to actually enable researchers to compare cultures . Having briefly introduced the shortcomings related to both approaches, McSweeney’s critiques can now be narrowed down to a specific scope, which is mainly encompassed with Hofstede’s research methodology. Research Validity  In light of the importance for any researches to provide clear definitions on the specific research concepts and key words, the first part of this essay will evolve on contextualizing the meaning of culture within Hofstede’s work, thus, giving ground to McSweeney’s relevant sources of criticism. Geert (1980) has defined culture as the collective programming of the mind distinguishing the members of one group or category of people from another. McSweeney essentially critiques Hofstede’s adoption of nations as means of cultural comparisons, scorning the territoriality uniqueness of culture in primis. In regards to this issue, Hofstede in a second stage (2002: 1356) acknowledges that nations are not the ideal elements for studying cultures, yet this is the only way researchers could have access to comparable units. Predictably, thousands of other author’s contributions in regards to the definition of culture would make this argument even more complex. For the sake of this analysis, emphasis would be given to the arguments in regards to the research methodology. Research Reliability: Research Sample The first criticism which may arise is likely to involve the representativeness of Hofstede’s research sample. In more details, he argues that 117,000 questionnaires for two surveys, covering 66 countries would be enough to ensure the research reliability. From my point of view, McSweeney’s critiques result founded when analysing the sampling framework in more details. CountryNumber of Respondents for Each Country Belgium, France, Great Britain, Germany, Japan and Sweden (6 countries)More than 1000 Chile, Columbia, Greece, Hong Kong, Iran, Ireland, Israel, New Zealand, Pakistan, Peru, Philippines, Singapore, Taiwan, Thailand and Turkey (15 countries)Less than 200 [Tab. 1] As it can be seen by the table (Tab. ), in 15 countries the sample size is composed by less than 200 respondents, which results to be extremely small compared to other countries with over 1000 respondents. To couple this argument, McSweeney discusses about the narrowness of the population surveyed as respondents were all IBM employees, mainly involved with the marketing and sales departments. Hofstede’s reply ( 2002), stating that this sample’s framework had only been used in order to isolate the national culture differences from both the organizational and occupational culture, seems however to give rise to other arguments. As McSweeney’s (2002a: 95-99) argues, respondents’ cultural framework is made up by three non-interacting and durable levels of culture (Tab. 2). At the first level, the assumptions which would free this model from any shortcomings would be that there is only one IBM culture and that there is also a common worldwide occupational culture for each job (Hofstede 1980a: 181). What are these assumptions based on? According to McSweeney (2002a: 96), these assumptions are â€Å"too crude and implausible to underpin Hofstede’s emphatic empirical claims† . Following the thread of his argument we come across a situation where assuming that an IBM employee, whether in a developed USA head office or a new opened branch office in Pakistan, will possess the same identical organizational and occupational culture does become hard to encompass. In response to this argument, Hofstede acknowledges that considerable differences exist at the â€Å"organizational level† (1991: 93), yet it redefines the entire organizational culture as a mere set of â€Å"shared perceptions of daily practices† (1991: 182-3), therefore distancing from the early-stage value-based definition. According to McSweeney (2002b), this is only a failed attempt to deliver a straightforward concept and definition of organizational culture. Back to Culture Hofstede’s vision of culture is often linked to two different concepts, unique national tendency and central tendency, respectively. In the first case, as pointed out by McSweeney, the national uniformity which Hofstede claims to have found, results to have no valid grounds as it derives from a very specific micro-level (IBM). Secondly, in regards to the claimed average tendency, the heterogeneity of questionnaires’ responses completely contradicts this conceptualization at the first place. As cited from Jacob (2005), â€Å"if exceptions to the rule are as numerous as the rule itself† to what extent could predictions based on that rule be reliable? In many countries, McSweeney argues, the typical IBM employee would at a high extent diverge from the general population. That is to say that an IBM employee in Taiwan would not necessarily reflect Taiwan’s population average individual, especially when we are talking about someone who holds a managerial position in a multinational firm. This concept brings us to another aspect of McSweeney’s criticism (2002a:92), â€Å"culture treated as a mere epiphenomenon, completely casual†, as conceptualized by Hofstede, it would look like something which moves along the history â€Å"enduring†, yet it is not subject to radical changes due to fluctuating social, economic and institutional trends (Tab. 3). Questionnaire and Dimensions Arguably, the questionnaire itself also presents some limitations. Firstly aimed to investigate the employees’ morale at IBM, it also resulted to reflect some values that, for Hofstede, could have been used to unveil the national cultural differences’ myth. Citing one of his research questions, â€Å"How long do you think you will continue working for this company? †(1980 Appendix 1) , it is obviously clear there would be differences in whether this question is being asked in a country, say, the USA, with plentiful employment vacancies, or in a country, say Thailand where at the time of the research the unemployment rate was comparatively high. Under these circumstances, it is extremely hard to assume that the respondents were not influenced by other social, political and institutional factors (See Tab. 3). Therefore, his research’s entire reliability could be easily questioned on this basis. Despite ensuring the confidentiality of respondents’ answers, employees’ foreknowledge of the end objective of the survey might have easily encouraged them to assume a more positive attitude in order to support their divisions’ reputation. Arguably, the responses analysed by Hofstede were situationally restricted (McSweeney, 2002a: 107). In more details, the questions only reflected values related to the workplace, furthermore the surveys were exclusively directed within the workplace and were not tested in non-work place locations for both same respondents and others. In light of the first purpose of the questionnaire, it is spontaneous to raise a question in regards to the validity of the dimensions found by Hofstede. Could it be possible that a specialized study in cultural differences would have delineated different dimensions? In his response, Hofstede acknowledged that, although there may be some other dimensions equally important for the structuring of a comparative cultural analysis, relative questions were simply not asked. McSweeney with reference to Triadis (1994) argues that bi-polar dimensions of national cultures should not be comprised of opposite poles (for example: Individualism – Collectivism), but depending on the situations they could coexist. Under these principles, the work of Schwartz (1992) appears to give a comparatively dynamic dimensions’ disposition. History and Research Validations In the last section of his book, Hofstede (1980: 326- 331) includes some historical and contemporary events which he states would validate his research findings. However, McSweeney (2002b) argues that these stories reveal nothing but justifications, leaving out the basics for an accurate confirmation. According to his analysis, Hosfstede’s assertion, â€Å"the more masculine a culture the more antagonistic are industrial relations, is flawed as the trends for working days lost in industrial disputes , in both Spain and the UK, result to vary enormously over time. In other words, we could argue that these fluctuations are highly influenced by political, economic and institutional changes. In the case of industrial relations’ disputes in Spain, after the death of Spanish dictator Franco in 1975, the level of working days was subject to a huge increase. Hofstede’s findings have also been validated by other studies, reflecting the same national cultural differences . This is one of the reasons why Hofstede’s work has so far been used in many disciplines as pioneer of the cultural approach in the sphere of comparative international management. Under these circumstances, as Hofstede states (2002 p. 1358), it is just not all about faith in his research, but it is the willingness of the society to accept his work as something which could be taken to a step further. In some cases, institutional factors, history, politics and economy do provide better explanations in this field, yet as Hofstede would argue, the cultural perspective does have his validity as it offers a complete different view on values embedded by people which do have an influence on their daily lives. Conclusion Arguably, some of Hofstede research framework’s features, especially the ones related to his research methodology, do present various shortcomings. However, the overall importance of cultural approach for national differences should be seen as undeniable (Koen, 2005). Nevertheless, it is worth pointing out that after all, the main argument merely evolves on Hofstede’s claims to have â€Å"uncover[ed] the secrets of entire national cultures† (1980b: 44). Despite his book title narrowing the scope of its findings down to the work-place, â€Å"Culture’s Consequences: International Differences in Work-Place Values†, Hofstede, in many of his publications, seems to overestimate his findings. It is extremely important to acknowledge and appreciate the enormous contribution that Hofstede has made to the entire society’s understanding of international cultural differences. On the other hand, it is also crucial to stay away from the â€Å"taken for granted† approach when coming across such a complex topic. As mentioned in the preface, etic and emic approach despite having a different vision on how to measure and analyse culture, they could still be seen as two complementarities which could be extensively used for a more thorough research. In addition, although admitting that limitations in research methodology do hamper the objectivity of findings, the etic approach still stands as the unique way to allow researchers to obtain comparable quantitative data. I do also appreciate the contributions made by McSweeney, whose criticisms have enabled me to adopt a more critical line of thought in analysing this interesting topic. At some extent we could assume that Hofstede’s research is still a â€Å"work in progress†, eventually other advocates of the etic approach will take it to a more universal level, as some of other authors in this field have already done. I would like to conclude this essay with a quote from McSweeney (2002a: 90), when he states that Hofstede’s work could be dismissed as a misguided attempt to measure the unmeasurable .

Introduction to MS Excel

Introduction to MS Excel Microsoft Word is a powerful word-processing program that will take your documents far beyond what you can produce with a typewriter. Whether you want to create a simple letter to a friend, produce a newsletter for a professional organization, or even write a complicated, multiple-page report containing graphics and tables with numerical data, you will find the information that you need to quickly and easily get the job done in Microsoft Office Word. History of Microsoft Word 1.1.2 Microsoft Word 1990 Microsoft Office for Windows is released otherwise known as Office 1.0 office 1.0 contains Word 1.1, Excel 2.0 and PowerPoint 2.0. In the same year as this release, Microsoft becomes the first company to exceed $1billion in sales in one year. 1.1.3 Microsoft Word 1998 Word 1998 for the Macintosh gained many features of Microsoft Word 1997, and was bundled with the Macintosh Office 98 package. Document compatibility reached parity with Office 97 and Word on the Mac became a viable business alternative to its Windows counterpart. Unfortunately, Word on the Mac in this and later releases also became vulnerable tofuture macro viruses that could compromise Word (and Excel) documents, leading to theonly situation where viruses could be cross-platform. A Windows version of this wasonly bundled with the Japanese/Korean Microsoft Office 97 Powered By Word 98 and could not be purchased separately. 1.1.4 Microsoft Word 2002/XP Microsoft Word 2002 was bundled with Office XP and it was released in 2001year. It had many of the same features as Microsoft Word 2000, but had a major new feature called the Task Panes, which gave quicker information and control to a lot of features that were before only available in a modal dialog boxes. One of the key advertising strategies for the software was there moval of the Office Assistant in favor of a new help system, although it was simply disabled by default. 1.1.5 Microsoft Word 2008 Microsoft Word 2008 is the most recent version of Microsoft Word for the Mac, released on January 15, 2008. It includes some new features from Word 2007, such as a ribbon-like feature that can be used to select page layouts and insert custom diagrams and images. Microsoft Word 2008 also features native support for the new Office Open XML format, although the old doc format can be set as a default. 1.1.6 Microsoft Word 2010 The next version Microsoft Word is scheduled to be released sometime in 2010. It will include any new features common to other applications in Office 2010. Microsoft Word 2010 will have the new WordArt styles and effects replacing the old styles. 1.2 Advantages of Microsoft Word 1.2.1 Word Columns Newspapers, newsletters, magazines, and many websites format information in columns. Doing so allows for more flexibility in arranging topics within a larger document. In Word, using columns makes your information easy to find and read when creating newsletters and other documents. 1.2.2 Table You also have tables, which are a grid of columns and rows and great for comparing or following information across several columns. If you have used Microsoft Excel or another spreadsheet program, you will find working with tables in Word very similar. In fact, on a very small scale, Word tables are small spreadsheets. 1.2.3 Graphics You can also work with graphics, such as pictures, shapes, or diagrams. Using a few carefully placed graphics in your document can be just the enhancement the document needs to keep your reading audience interested. Youll learn how to place them into your document and manipulate their size, color, arrangement, and more. Working with Word graphics is fun and easy. 1.2.4 Longer Documents Theres more to Word than short letters and memos. Now that you are more comfortable with the basics of Word, you can view your documents from different perspectives and generally work with longer documents. In this part, youll discover outlines, mass mailings, and adding referencing information such as bibliographies, footnotes, tables of contents, and indexes. Using features like these makes creating legal briefs, annual reports, catalogs, and other complex documents much easier. 1.2.5 Printing In many cases short documents can be printed only once at the end of editing. However, even in this case the look at the printed copy can lead to some alterations in the document contents and layout. This is because we perceive the on-screen document and the printed document differently. Maybe this will change in the future, but nowadays this difference in perception still exists. Therefore, even in the case of short documents there may be more than one printing. The situation is different in the case of long documents, such as book, text books, theses, manuals. Printing the edited document or some of its parts is just a necessary part of the work on a large project, so printing is repeated many times while working on the publication. 1.2.6 Making Bibliography Usually a bibliography list is a list of book, journal articles, conference papers, patents, and unpublished works. Which is sorted either alphabetically by names of authors or in the order of appearance of the first reference to the cited work. Items of a bibliography list are usually denoted by numbers or other labels, which are used in the text for referring to sources. In books, textbooks, theses, and other extensive publications as a bibliography list is considered as a chapter level unit, so its title (the word References or Bibliography) should be formatted using the chapter heading style. For the same structural reasons, in such publications a bibliography list should start on an odd page. 1.2.7 Page Numbering Besides text, equations, figures, tables, and other element, representing the information, which an author wishes to pass to readers, there are also important elements used for navigation in the book. An absolutely necessary part of any monograph, thesis, diploma work, or a textbook, is pagination, or page numbering. Navigation in text without page numbers is cumbersome. Even the presence of the table of contents or a word index implies that all pages are numbered to make locating information easier. 2.0 Introduction to Microsoft Excel Microsoft Excel, the most popular and powerful worksheet program in the world. What is worksheet program? A worksheet is a program with a huge grid designed to display data in rows and columns where you can create calculations to perform mathematical, logical, and other types of operations on the data you enter. You can sort the data, enhance it, and manipulate it a plethora of ways including creating powerful charts and graphs from it. Whether you need a list of names and addresses, or a document to calculate next years sales revenue base on prior years performance, Excel is the application you want to use. 2.1 History of Microsoft Excel Excel 1 The first version of Microsoft Excel, was released for Macintosh systems by years 1985. By developing Microsoft Excel for the Macintosh first, Microsoft was able to take advantage of systems graphical user interface (GUI) and mouse input device. They were also able to build up the programs reputation while avoiding direct competition with Lotus 1-2-3. Excel 2 and 3 In year 1987, Microsoft launched Microsoft Excel 2 along with its Windows operating system. Windows borrowed many of the features of the Macintosh interface, which allowed Microsoft to give Microsoft Excel 2 all the graphical refinements of the Microsoft Excel 1, such as pull-down menus and point-and-click interaction. Excel 2 and its next version, Excel 3 (1990) year, experienced some popularity, though Lotus 1-2-3 continued to dominate the market. Excel 4 and 5 Excel 4 was released by 1992 year, the same year that Windows 3.1 was released. With this release, Microsoft Excel finally begins to dominate the spreadsheet market. This also marks the first time that Excel is bundled as part of the Microsoft Office suite of programs. The next year an improved version of 4, called Excel 5, introduced many welcome changes. Excel 95-2003 In 1995, Microsoft released its first significant redesign of its Windows operating system, Windows 95. Excel also received a major reworking and re-branding; the new version was dubbed Excel 95, as were all of the programs in the Office suite. The next several versions of the software continued this branding, and saw the release of Excel 97, Excel 2000, Excel 2002 and Excel 2003. Each version saw improvements over its predecessor, though each was built upon the design established in Excel 95. Excel 2007 The newest release, Excel 2007, presented significant changes in both interface (such as the ribbon, replacing the traditional pull-down menu) and functionality. It was released in conjunction with the Microsoft Vista operating system, and carried many of the Vista design elements. 2.2 Advantages of Microsoft Excel 2.2.1 Create a Chart Microsoft Excel gives you tools for quickly generating a chart or visual representation of the numbers in your worksheet, Charts clarify patterns that can get lost in columns of numbers and text, and they make your data more accessible to people who are not familiar with, or do not want to delve into, the details, Charts can make a greater impression that rows and columns of numbers because the mind perceives, processes, and recalls visual information more quickly that textual or numerical information. In addition, shapes and colors have real impact. With using Microsoft Excel you can charts with dramatic visual appeal quickly and easily. Simply select the data you want to chart and then choose a chart type from the Insert tabs Chart group. Microsoft Excel provides several chart types from which to choose, including column, line, pie, bar, area, and scatter charts. In addition, each chart type has a number of subtype options. 2.2.2 Creating Formulas By using Microsoft Excel formula is an equation that performs a calculation. A formula can consist of operators, functions, numbers, text, and cell references. You place formulas in cells. You can click a cell and then type your formula into the formula bar or you can type your formula directly directly into a cell. 2.2.3 Paste Link into Word You can use Excel data within other programs, thereby extending your ability to use, analyze, and present your Excel data. In PowerPoint, you can use Excel worksheet to illustrate your presentations. You can add Excel data to Word or PowerPoint by using the copy and paste commands. The Copy command copies the Excel data. The Paste command places the copy in another document. When you copy and paste, if you make changes to the original Excel document, you must go into the Word or PowerPoint document and update it as well. You can also copy Excel data into Word or PowerPoint by using a paste link. When you use a paste link, if you alter Excel data in Word or PowerPoint, Office automatically updates the Excel source document. 2.2.4 Save After you complete the work of entering, formatting, analyzing, and charting your data, you can share it with others. Sharing data usually means either saving it and sharing the file, or saving it and sharing a print out. Microsoft Excel make your work easier to share with others. 2.2.5 Protect your worksheet You can protect your worksheet so others can view and print it but cannot make changes to it. You can also save your workbook as a template. By saving your workbook as a template, you eliminate the chore of recreating a special-purpose worksheet each time you need to use it. In addition, you can save documents in many formats. 2.2.6 Printing By using Microsoft Excel you can print multiple-page worksheets and multiple-sheet workbooks. You find out how to select noncontiguous cell ranges and print them and how to repeat row and column labels across several pages. The two key printing tools are the Page Setup dialog box and the Print Preview window. Familiarize yourself with the many choices they offer. 2.4 Conclusion Microsoft Word very useful for us, because anything also can write can be done on word. So reports, essays, projects, experimental write ups etc. It allows us to present projects in the same way that a professional would. It makes high quality presentation possible to everyone and therefore first impressions are normally good. We can import diagrams, photographs, tables, accounts, databases and even drawings into the document. Besides that, we can underline, make text bold and italic so as to emphasis a part of the document. It has a word andÂÂ  grammar checkerÂÂ  within the program so this allows me work to be much improved. It also helps the marker or teacher as it is very easy to read which is not always easy with the hand written word. Microsoft Excel is also very useful for us, because we can use Excel data within other programs, thereby extending your ability to use, analyze, and present your Excel data. In PowerPoint, we can use Excel worksheet to illustrate your presentations. We can add Excel data to Word or PowerPoint by using the copy and paste commands. Besides that, we also can protect our worksheet by using Microsoft Excel, so others can view and print it but cannot make changes to it. We can also save your workbook as a template. By saving our workbook as a template, we eliminate the chore of recreating a special-purpose worksheet each time you need to use it. In addition, we can save documents in many formats.

My New Political Ideology Essay -- Political Science Personal Narrativ

  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  A population’s views on political issues may change as different circumstances occur each day. The environment around us has a powerful influence on the decisions that we produce and the views that we as American citizens choose to hold. After a semester in political science class my views and my political ideology have altered. Today I will explain how political science class has influenced my political ideology.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  When this class initially began I was sure, without a doubt I was a conservative. As the semester progressed I discovered the reasons I was considered conservative. The town a person grows up in, financial status, social class, age, gender and the race of the individual have a strong influence on a individuals ideology. I knew I was conservative because I was raised with certain morals that still exist in my family today. Anaheim hills the town I grew up in, was and still is one of the most conservative cities in Orange County. A moderately white community full of affluent business owners, and my father was one of those affluent business owners. My father a very strong conservative taught me politics at an early age. As I grew older and made friends out of Anaheim hills, I found that most of the friends that I made had liberal views. All the issues I felt very strongly about were absolute opposite of my new friends. Being a teenager and very confused about the mat ter I talked to my family about these issues and they felt the same way I did. At that point in my life I realized that my house was not just higher up on the hill for no reason, my political views were completely different from the people that lived just below me. Evidence once again that social class and education had an influence on a person’s views.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In my last paper I stated my feelings about the tax issues all Americans face day to day. I felt that Americans are paying too much tax’s with very little benefits to our country. People on social programs such as social security and Medicare benefit from the tax payer’s dollars. I still do not agree with social programs providing cash to those people. Growing up, I was taught that I had to work for what I wanted. People on those programs are being taught at a very early age that they don’t have to work for what they want. A great solution to social programs is very simple. Food, shelter and work programs can ensure t... ...at don’t care about the poor people at all. Another lie made up by our very liberal news papers and television shows. Contributing to the miss-education of our country.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The issues that I have discussed today, and my responses to them fall into the category of a moderate conservative. I agree in the way the government is being run but it can use a few changes. I am a strong supporter of capitalism; therefore I do not care to provide money for social programs, which will benefit the freeloaders of our society. The next step is education. We must provide the best education to improve the future of our country; therefore the American people should not rely on the media to make their political decisions. If anyone agrees with the responses to these issues they may fall into the category of a moderate conservative. A moderate conservative would be ok with there being a limited government, not everyone is capable of political leadership. With all the information that I have provided, I feel that I am a moderate conservative. I agree with conservative side more than anything else but I still feel that there are some things that need to b e modified for the success of our country.